What is a logical fallacie?

• The correlation/causation fallacy. ...
• The bandwagon fallacy. ...
• The anecdotal evidence fallacy. ...
• The straw man fallacy. ...
• The false dilemma fallacy. ...
• The slothful induction fallacy. ...
• The hasty generalization fallacy. ...
• The middle ground fallacy.

Why is it important to know logical fallacies?

Understanding logical fallacies can help students evaluate the credibility of marketing messages, activists' appeals and research sources. And they can use this knowledge to strengthen their persuasive writing and earn better grades on their assignments.

How do you argue against logical fallacies?

To counter the use of a logical fallacy, you should first identify the flaw in reasoning that it contains, and then point it out and explain why it's a problem, or provide a strong opposing argument that counters it implicitly.

Which logical fallacy is the most common?

Essentially, instead of addressing the substance of an argument, someone is attempting to discredit the argument by attacking the source. The ad hominem is one of the most common logical fallacies.

What is a logical fallacy in the crucible?

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning, it is done manipulatively, and it is done on purpose to target people's ignorance and stupidity. ... The trial of Elizabeth Proctor does fit into the idea of logical fallacy. The type of logical fallacy that applies to the trial Elizabeth Proctor is a false cause.

What is the either or logical fallacy?

a type of informal fallacy or persuasive technique in which an argument is constructed so as to imply the necessity of choosing one of only two alternatives. This ignores the possibility that (a) the alternatives may not be mutually exclusive and (b) there may be other equally viable alternatives.

Which best defines a logical fallacy quizlet?

What is a Logical Fallacy? A standard form of flawed reasoning that seduces and persuades the unaware with claims that attempt to support an argument, but are not logically sound, which leads to faulty conclusions.

Is a paradox a logical fallacy?

As nouns the difference between paradox and fallacy

is that paradox is a self-contradictory statement, which can only be true if it is false, and vice versa while fallacy is deceptive or false appearance; deceitfulness; that which misleads the eye or the mind; deception.

Why does Arthur Miller use logical fallacies in the crucible?

It was the time of McCarthyism, 1953. ... In this play, Arthur Miller parallels and criticizes the corrupt politics of the era by inserting characters who use logical fallacies in order to show the flawed reasoning behind the Salem witch trials and the Red Scare.

Who created logical fallacies?

Greek logic

Greek philosopher Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) was the first to systematize logical errors into a list, as being able to refute an opponent's thesis is one way of winning an argument. Aristotle's "Sophistical Refutations" (De Sophisticis Elenchis) identifies thirteen fallacies.

What type of logical fallacy occurs when Goody Putnam comments on Reverend Hale's expertise because he found a witch last year in The Crucible?

An example of a false authority fallacy occurs when Reverend Parris sends for Reverend Hale to assess whether or not there is an evil presence in Salem. Goody Putnam says he has experience in the dark arts, and that he 'found a witch in Beverly last year, and let you remember that.

What are four common argument fallacies?

What is a false cause fallacy?

In general, the false cause fallacy occurs when the “link between premises and conclusion depends on some imagined causal connection that probably does not exist”. ... Like the post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy, this fallacy is guilty of trying to establish a causal connection between two events on dubious grounds.

Why should we avoid using logical fallacies?

Fallacies prevent the opportunity for an open, two-way exchange of ideas that are required for meaningful conversations. Rather, these fallacies distract your readers with an overload of rhetorical appeals instead of using thorough reasoning. You can use logical fallacies in both written and verbal communication.

What kind of fallacy is because I said so?

In argumentation theory, an argumentum ad populum (Latin for "appeal to the people") is a fallacious argument which is based on affirming that something is real because the majority thinks so.

What makes something a fallacy?

Fallacies are common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points, and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim.

What are some real life examples of fallacies?

What is a crucible in literature?

A crucible is a severe test or trial or an extremely challenging experience. This figurative sense of crucible is based on the literal meaning of the word: a heat-resistant container used to melt metals. ... The word is perhaps best known from its use as the title of the 1953 play The Crucible by Arthur Miller.

What does Putnam mean when he says let you strike out against the devil and the village will bless you for it?

Further, Putnam says, "Let you strike out against the Devil, and the village will bless you for it!" Eventually, this line of reasoning seems to take hold of Parris, and he realizes the truth of what Putnam has suggested. If he can take credit for recognizing the evil, then he keeps his authority and position.

How is ad hominem used in the crucible?

Ad Hominem The Crucible. Ad Hominem is when a persons argument attacks another persons character, personality, job, home life, etc. rather than their actual ideas or counter-argument. It is used to draw away from a persons counterargument through addressing something unrelated.

What is poisoning the well fallacy?

Poisoning the well (or attempting to poison the well) is a type of informal fallacy where adverse information about a target is preemptively presented to an audience, with the intention of discrediting or ridiculing something that the target person is about to say.